Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks

Research Description

GAC's research into Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks (ISSBs) reconsiders this often-marginalized construction technique as a vital component of sustainable and socially engaged architecture. Utilizing site-sourced soil, lime, and sand, ISSBs produce modular, low-carbon masonry units that present a viable alternative to fired bricks, significantly reducing both deforestation and embodied carbon. The investigation is two-fold: on one hand, it explores the material composition, fabrication techniques, and structural potentials of this aggregate-based building system; on the other, it addresses the cultural and economic repositioning of ISSBs within contemporary architectural discourse.

Historically perceived as a low-status or transitional technology, ISSBs have often been excluded from narratives of modern architectural innovation. This research aims to reframe ISSBs not only as technically and environmentally viable, but as catalysts for community empowerment, circular economies, and participatory building practices. By integrating traditional knowledge systems, local labor models, and iterative, site-specific experimentation, the project positions ISSBs as scalable and adaptable for small public infrastructure—including schools, clinics, and community spaces—where resource constraints and social engagement are paramount. In doing so, the work contributes to the evolving discourse on material agency, sustainable development, and inclusive design futures.

Project Applications

• Rwanda Housing Project

• ADC Latrine

• Isooko Community Development Center